10×42 Vs 12×50 Binoculars
If you’re in the market for a pair of binoculars, you may have noticed that two of the most popular models are 10×42 and 12×50.
But what do those numbers mean, and how do you choose which one is right for you?
Both offer a great balance between magnification and objective lens size, but there are some differences to consider.
If you’re looking for a wider field of view and brighter image in low light conditions, the 10×42 binoculars might be the better option for you. On the other hand, if you’re willing to sacrifice a bit of field of view for more magnification power and detail, the 12×50 binoculars could be the way to go.
Hoewever, the answer is not simple;
Today, we’re going to explore the differences between these two types of binoculars and help you determine which one might be the best fit for your needs.
Whether you’re an avid birdwatcher, a hunter, or just someone who enjoys spending time in nature, having a good pair of binoculars can greatly enhance your outdoor experience.
So let’s take a closer look at 10×42 vs 12×50 binoculars and help you make an informed decision.
10×50 vs 16×50-Comparison Factors
- Magnification
- Twilight factor
- Exit Pupil & Image Brightness
- Field of View
- Eye Relief
- Size and Weight
- Price
Magnification
Magnification refers to the degree to which the image seen through the binoculars appears to be enlarged compared to the naked eye. The magnification is usually the first number in the binoculars’ specifications, such as 10x in case of 10×50 or 12x in case 12×50.
So, When comparing the magnification of 10×42 and 12×50 binoculars, the former offers a magnification of 10 times, while the latter has a magnification of 12 times.
In the case of the 10×42 and 12×50 binoculars, the 12×50 has a higher magnification, which means that the image you see will appear 20% larger than that seen through the 10×42 binoculars.
While a higher magnification may seem attractive, it’s important to consider the advantages and disadvantages. Higher magnification allows for greater detail and clarity of the image, which can be especially useful for activities such as birdwatching.
However, it also comes with its drawbacks. The slightest movement of your hand can cause the image to shake or blur, making it difficult to focus on the object being observed.
If you plan on using binoculars for extended periods or in windy conditions, image instability may be a concern.
In such cases, you might want to consider binoculars with image stabilization technology to reduce image shake and blur.
If you need greater detail and clarity, the 12×50 might be the better choice, but if stability is a concern, the 10×42 might be a better fit.
Twilight Factor
When it comes to using binoculars in low-light conditions, such as at dawn or dusk, the twilight factor becomes an important consideration.
The twilight factor is a number that indicates the relative clarity of the image seen through binoculars in low-light conditions. It is important to note that the higher twilight factor doesn’t indicate more brightness rather it indicates more clarity and detail visibility of the image.
It is calculated by taking the square root of the product of the magnification and the objective lens diameter.
Twilight factor = √(Magnification x Objective Lens Diameter)
For example, the twilight factor of 10×42 binoculars would be:
Twilight factor = √(10 x 42) = 20.5
And the twilight factor of 12×50 binoculars would be:
Twilight factor = √(12 x 50) = 24.5
As we can see, the 12×50 binoculars have a higher twilight factor than the 10×42 binoculars. This means that they can produce a more clearer image in low-light conditions.
But what does this mean for the user?
Well, a higher twilight factor means that the binoculars will be more effective in low-light conditions, producing clearer images. This can be especially important for activities such as hunting or astronomy, where observing in low-light conditions is common.
For hunters, a high twilight factor means that they can see their target more clearly at dawn or dusk, when animals are most active. Similarly, for astronomers, a high twilight factor means that they can see fainter celestial objects that may not be visible with lower twilight factor binoculars.
However, it is important to note that a higher twilight factor does not necessarily mean better image quality overall. Other factors, such as the quality of the optics and coatings, also play a role in image clarity and sharpness.
Exit Pupil & Image Brightness
Exit pupil is the diameter of the beam of light that exits the eyepiece of binoculars.
It is calculated by dividing the objective lens diameter by the magnification.
For example, in 10×42 binoculars, the exit pupil is 4.2mm (42mm divided by 10), and in 12×50 binoculars, the exit pupil is 4.2mm (50mm divided by 12).
The exit pupil affects image brightness and detail in the sense that a larger exit pupil allows more light to enter the eye, making the image appear brighter and more detailed. In low-light conditions, a larger exit pupil is particularly important as it allows for more light to reach the eye, enabling the viewer to see the subject more clearly.
When comparing the exit pupil of 10×42 and 12×50 binoculars, we can see that they are very similar in size. However, the 12×50 binoculars have a slightly larger exit pupil, which means that they will provide slightly brighter images, especially in low-light conditions.
Exit pupil is particularly important for people with different pupil sizes, such as older viewers or those with medical conditions affecting their eyes. In these cases, a larger exit pupil can be more comfortable and provide a clearer image.
Field of View
Field of view refers to the width of the area that you can see when looking through the binoculars. A larger field of view means that you can see more of the scene at once, making it easier to track moving objects and get a better sense of your surroundings.
The field of view can vary greatly between binocular models.
When comparing 10×42 and 12×50 binoculars , it is clear from the below table that the 10×42 model offers a wider field of view. This means that it can be more useful for birdwatching and other activities that require tracking moving objects or scanning a wide area.
However, the 12×50 model may be better suited for activities that require more detail, such as astronomy or wildlife observation.
It is important to note that a wider field of view does come with some trade-offs. Binoculars with a wider field of view may have shorter eye relief, which can be uncomfortable for people who wear glasses. Also, they may also have a shallower depth of field, which can make it harder to focus on distant objects. However, these trade-offs may be worth it for activities where a wider field of view is crucial.
For birdwatching, a wider field of view is particularly important because it allows you to see more of the bird’s surroundings, making it easier to identify species and observe their behavior.
Similarly, for sports events, a wider field of view can help you keep track of the action and anticipate the next play.
On the other hand, for activities like stargazing or wildlife observation, where detail is key, higher magnification and a narrower field of view may be more suitable.
Some Best Seeling 10×42 Models and Their 12×50 Counterparts Field Of View Table
| Model / Magnification / Objective Lens Size | Field of View |
|---|---|
| Vortex Diamondback 10×42 | 330 ft at 1000 yds |
| Vortex Diamondback 12×50 | 271 ft at 1000 yds |
| Celestron Outland 10×42 | 293 ft at 1000 yds |
| Celestron Granite 12×50 | 279 ft at 1000 yds |
| Nikon Prostaff 5 10×42 | 294 ft at 1000 yds |
| Nikon Prostaff 5 12×50 | 269 ft at 1000 yds |
| Vortex Razor UHD 10×42 | 346 ft at 1000 yds |
| Vortex Razor UHD 12×50 | 288 ft at 1000 yds |
| Zeiss Conquest HD 10×42 | 354 ft at 1000 yds |
| Carl Zeiss Jena Nobilem 12×50 | 288 ft at 1000 yds |
| Leica Ultravid 10×42 HD Plus | 336 ft at 1000 yds |
| Leica Ultravid 12×50 HD Plus | 299 ft at 1000 yds |
| Swarovski el 10×42 | 336 ft at 1000 yds |
| Swarovski el 12×50 | 300 ft at 1000 yds |
| Swarovski Nl Pure 10×42 | 399 ft at 1000 yds |
| Vortex Crossfire 10×42 | 325 ft at 1000 yds |
| Vortex Crossfire 12×50 | 273 ft at 1000 yds |
Eye Relief
Eye relief refers to the distance between the eyepiece lens and the user’s eyes at which the user can see the entire field of view. It is measured in millimeters and is usually indicated on the binocular’s specifications.
Eye relief is crucial for people who wear glasses because they need to place their glasses between their eyes and the eyepieces. The eyeglasses create a distance between the eyes and the eyepiece, which can affect the viewing experience.
When comparing the eye relief of binoculars, a higher value is better. It provides more space between the eyepiece and the user’s eyes, making it easier for people wearing glasses to see the entire field of view.
Typical eye relief for binoculars is around 14-15mm, but some models offer higher values of up to 20mm.
For example, let’s compare the eye relief of 10×42 and 12×50 binoculars. The Vortex Optics Diamondback HD 10×42 binoculars have an eye relief of 15mm, while the Vortex Optics Viper HD 12×50 binoculars have an eye relief of 16mm. The Viper HD model offers a higher eye relief, making it more comfortable to use for people who wear glasses.
Eye relief is essential for specific uses such as hunting and birdwatching.
Hunters need to keep a distance from the rifle scope to prevent injuries from recoils. The eyeglasses can also provide additional protection for the eyes.
In birdwatching, a higher eye relief is preferred to avoid eye fatigue and maintain a comfortable viewing experience.
Size and Weight
The 10×42 binoculars are usually smaller and lighter than the 12×50 binoculars. The size and weight of binoculars can impact their portability and ease of use.
Smaller and lighter binoculars are easier to carry around, making them ideal for outdoor activities like hiking and traveling.
In contrast, larger and heavier binoculars can be cumbersome to carry, especially when walking long distances.
Additionally, larger binoculars may require a tripod for stability, adding to the weight and bulk of the device.
In terms of ease of use, the size and weight of binoculars can impact how comfortable they are to hold and use. Smaller and lighter binoculars may be easier to hold steady and adjust for focus.
Larger and heavier binoculars may require more effort to hold steady, especially for extended periods, and can cause hand fatigue.
From the below table you can see most of the 12x50s are heavier and bigger than their 10×42 counterparts
| Binoculars Model and Specifications | Magnification and Objective Lens Size | Weight (oz) | Size (cm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vortex Diamondback 10×42 | 10×42 | 21.3 | 15 x 14.2 x 4.4 |
| Vortex Diamondback 12×50 | 12×50 | 28.9 | 16.26 x 13.46 |
| Nikon Prostaff P5 10×42 | 10×42 | 22.2 | 16.3 x 13 |
| Nikon Prostaff P5 12×50 | 12×50 | 27.9 | 18.3 x 14 |
| Vortex Razor UHD 10×42 | 10×42 | 32.2 | 17.78 x 14.22 |
| Vortex Razor UHD 12×50 | 12×50 | 36.1 | 19.3 x 14.73 |
| Leica Ultravid 10×42 HD Plus | 10×42 | 26.46 | 14.7 x 12.1 x 6.8 |
| Leica Ultravid 12×50 HD Plus | 12×50 | 35.3 | 18.2 x 12 x 7.8 |
| Swarovski el 10×42 | 10×42 | 29.6 | 16 x 13.2 x 6.1 |
| Swarovski el 12×50 | 12×50 | 35 | 17.5 x1 3.2 x 6.6 |
Price
Comparing the price of 10×42 and 12×50 binoculars, the 12×50 binoculars are typically more expensive than their 10×50 counterparts due to their larger objective lens diameter and higher magnification power.
However, the price can vary depending on the brand, features, and build quality.
When it comes to binoculars, the price often reflects quality and performance.
Higher-priced binoculars tend to have better optical quality, more advanced features, and longer lifespans than cheaper models. However, this doesn’t necessarily mean that the most expensive binoculars are always the best option for everyone.
The features and technologies that affect the price of binoculars can include the quality of the lens coating, the type of prism used, the build materials, and the inclusion of extra features such as image stabilization or rangefinding capabilities. These features can greatly enhance the user experience, but they also come with a higher price tag.
When considering the price of binoculars, it’s important to also think about the intended use.
For casual users who just need a basic set of binoculars for occasional use, a cheaper model may be sufficient.
However, for serious birdwatchers or hunters who rely on their binoculars for extended periods, investing in a higher-priced model may be worth it for the improved optical quality and durability.
Related Read: Best Vortex 12×50 Binoculars
10×42 vs 12×50 In Various Situations
We will discuss the different uses for binoculars and how the various factors discussed in this series of articles affect the suitability of 10×42 and 12×50 binoculars for each use. We will also provide recommendations for the best type of binoculars for each user based on the factors discussed in the article.
Hunting:
When selecting binoculars for hunting, factors such as magnification, field of view, and image stability are essential. A magnification range of 8x to 10x is suitable for most hunting applications.
The wider the field of view, the easier it is to track game. Image stability is also critical for hunters, especially those who hunt in low light conditions or with high magnification binoculars.
Therefore, 10×42 binoculars with a wider field of view and good image stabilization technology, such as the Vortex Viper HD 10×42, are the best choice for hunting.
Astronomy:
Binoculars can also be used for stargazing and astronomy. When selecting binoculars for astronomy, factors such as magnification, objective lens size, and twilight factor are crucial.
Higher magnification binoculars with a larger objective lens size allow more light to enter, resulting in a brighter and clearer image.
A twilight factor of 17 or higher is ideal for astronomy, as it provides enough brightness and detail to view celestial objects. Therefore, 12×50 binoculars with a high twilight factor, such as the Celestron SkyMaster Pro 12×50, are the best choice for astronomy.
Birdwatching:
Birdwatching requires binoculars that are lightweight and easy to use with a comfortable grip. When selecting binoculars for birdwatching, factors such as magnification, field of view, and eye relief are crucial.
A magnification range of 8x to 10x is suitable for birdwatching, as it allows for a closer look at birds without sacrificing the field of view.
A wider field of view is essential for birdwatching as it allows birdwatchers to spot birds in flight easily. Eye relief is also important for birdwatchers, especially those who wear glasses.
Therefore, 10×42 binoculars with a wide field of view, long eye relief, and lightweight design, such as the Nikon Monarch 5 10×42, are the best choice for birdwatching.
Nature Observation:
When selecting binoculars for nature observation, factors such as magnification, field of view, and image quality are essential.
A magnification range of 8x to 10x is suitable for nature observation, as it allows for a closer look at wildlife without sacrificing the field of view.
A wider field of view is essential for observing wildlife in motion. Image quality is also critical for nature observation, as it allows viewers to see details such as feather patterns, fur textures, and natural habitats.
Therefore, 10×42 binoculars with a wide field of view and excellent image quality, such as the Leica Ultravid HD-Plus 10×42, are the best choice for nature observation.
Hiking:
When choosing binoculars for hiking, portability is a key consideration. Lighter and more compact binoculars are preferred for hiking since they can be easily carried in a backpack without adding much weight.
A wide field of view is also desirable, as hikers often need to scan large areas for wildlife or other interesting features.
Recommendation: For hiking, the 10×42 binoculars are a great choice due to their compact size, lightweight, and a wider field of view.
Travel:
When traveling, binoculars can enhance the experience by allowing you to get a closer look at local wildlife, landscapes, and other attractions.
A compact and lightweight pair of binoculars is recommended for travel, as they can easily fit into a backpack or carry-on luggage.
Recommendation: The 10×42 binoculars are an excellent choice for travel due to their compact size and lightweight, making them easy to carry around.
Concerts/Theatre:
For concerts and theatre events, a low magnification binocular is preferred. This is because high magnification binoculars tend to have a narrower field of view, which can make it difficult to follow fast-moving performers on stage.
Recommendation: For concerts and theatre events, the 10×42 binoculars are ideal due to their lower magnification and wider field of view.
Sporting events:
For sports events, a binocular with a wide field of view is preferred so you can follow the action on the field. The ability to focus quickly is also important for capturing fast-moving athletes.
Recommendation: For sporting events, the 10×42 binoculars are a great choice due to their wider field of view and fast focus capabilities.
In conclusion,
In conclusion, both 10×42 and 12×50 binoculars have their own set of strengths and weaknesses, and choosing between the two depends largely on how you want to use them and in what situations.
If you value a wider field of view and brighter images, the 10×42 binoculars might be the way to go. On the other hand, if you prioritize higher magnification power and don’t mind the larger size and weight, then the 12×50 binoculars may be the better option for you.
Ultimately, it’s important to consider your intended use, your budget, and your personal preferences before making a final decision.
With this knowledge in mind, you’ll be able to select a pair of binoculars that will help you make the most of your outdoor adventures.
